Europe is grappling with an alarming surge in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as reported cases of gonorrhoea nearly doubled in 2022, according to the latest data from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The rise, part of the group’s recent dataset, has prompted deep concern and urgent attention from health authorities.
Between 2021 and 2022, syphilis cases rose by 34%, totaling over 35,000 cases, while chlamydia cases increased by 16%, reaching more than 216,000. Gonorrhoea infections witnessed a significant surge, with over 70,000 individuals reported in 2022, marking a 48% increase from the previous year.
Other STIs, including lymphogranuloma venereum and congenital syphilis, also experienced substantial increases. ECDC Director Andrea Ammon emphasized the need for immediate attention and action, recognizing the stark picture painted by the rising numbers.
The surge follows years of increasing STI rates, briefly interrupted by social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. The ECDC attributes the sustained rise to improved surveillance, increased home testing, and a rise in riskier sexual behavior, accentuating the lack of information on STIs.
While antimicrobial resistance is considered a potential factor in the surge of gonorrhoea infections, the ECDC is actively monitoring this possibility. Ammon cautioned that the reported numbers are likely just the “tip of the iceberg,” as many infections go undetected.
Addressing this surge requires heightened awareness of STIs, improved prevention methods, increased access to testing, and effective treatment. Untreated STIs can lead to severe health problems such as pelvic inflammatory disease and chronic conditions. Chlamydia and gonorrhoea can result in infertility, while syphilis can cause neurological and cardiovascular issues. Untreated syphilis during pregnancy poses serious risks for adverse outcomes in children.
The urgent call for action highlights the need for public health initiatives to curb the rising tide of STIs in Europe and underscores the importance of proactive measures, awareness campaigns, and accessible healthcare services.
