A recent study suggests that the rise in premature births may be linked to synthetic chemicals known as phthalates, commonly found in clear food packaging and personal care products. Published in the journal Lancet Planetary Health, the research reveals that phthalates, known as “everywhere chemicals,” act as hormone disruptors, affecting the function of the placenta, which provides oxygen and nutrients to a developing fetus in the womb.
Lead author Dr. Leonardo Trasande, director of environmental pediatrics at NYU Langone Health, stated, “Phthalates can also contribute to inflammation that can disrupt the placenta even more and set the steps of preterm labor in motion.” The study indicates that a specific phthalate found in food packaging, Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), could be responsible for 5% to 10% of all preterm births in 2018.
The findings translate to nearly 57,000 preterm births in the United States in 2018, with an estimated societal cost of nearly $4 billion. The study suggests that exposure to phthalates occurs through various products, and the risk of preterm birth may be even greater due to exposure to multiple phthalates. However, the American Chemistry Council, representing US chemical companies, stated that the report did not establish causation and emphasized the differences among various phthalates.
Phthalates, used to enhance plastic flexibility, are found in numerous products, including children’s toys, detergents, vinyl flooring, cosmetics, and personal care items. Despite regulations limiting certain phthalates in children’s toys, the study highlights the need for broader regulations and further research into the safety of alternatives. The study also suggests reducing plastic use, avoiding microwaving food in plastic, and choosing alternative containers to minimize exposure to phthalates.
As concerns about the impact of phthalates on health grow, the study underscores the importance of addressing potential environmental factors contributing to adverse health outcomes, such as premature births.
