A comprehensive study released on Monday indicates that heavy marijuana use may significantly contribute to the development of anxiety disorders, especially within a specific age group. The research, published in The Lancet’s eClinical Medicine, analyzed health records from over 12 million individuals in Ontario, spanning from 2008 to 2019, with no prior anxiety disorder history.
The findings reveal that nearly one-third of individuals who visited the emergency room for cannabis-related concerns developed a new anxiety disorder within three years. Those who had emergency room visits for cannabis use were more than three times likely to be diagnosed with an anxiety disorder within the following three years. Additionally, they were nine times more likely to require further healthcare visits for anxiety-related issues.
The study emphasized a heightened risk among young cannabis users, particularly those aged 10-24 and males. While the research doesn’t establish a clear causation between cannabis use and anxiety, it highlights a significant correlation that warrants attention.
Experts remain divided on whether cannabis use directly leads to anxiety or if pre-existing anxiety symptoms prompt individuals to self-medicate with cannabis. The study’s authors caution against using cannabis as a treatment for anxiety, citing a lack of evidence for its efficacy. Furthermore, they express concerns that cannabis use may hinder individuals from seeking evidence-based treatments such as prescription medications or therapy, potentially worsening symptoms.
Earlier research in 2020 noted the contrasting effects of THC and CBD, the primary psychoactive and non-psychoactive components in cannabis, on anxiety. THC was linked to increased anxiety, while CBD demonstrated potential anxiety-reducing properties.
A separate study from April 2023 documented a rise in emergency room visits for cannabis-induced psychiatric effects following cannabis legalization in Michigan. About 20% of emergency room visits resulted in a diagnosis of cannabis-induced anxiety.
Dr. Peter Roy-Byrne, a senior consulting editor for psychiatry, cautioned against viewing cannabis use as a therapeutic strategy for anxiety and depression. He described it as a “Band-Aid” approach that may provide temporary relief but could worsen long-term outcomes. The study reinforces the need for nuanced discussions about the potential risks associated with heavy cannabis use, particularly among specific demographics.
